Antibacterial activity of Agarwood leaf extract

According to Chinese Herbs Healing, Agarwood (Chen Xiang)  is viewed as acrid, bitter, and warm in nature. And it covers three meridians, including kidney, spleen, and stomach. Its basic functions are to promote the Qi circulation in order to relieve pain, warm the middle Jiao to arrest vomiting, and control respiring Qi to relieve asthma.

Study shows Agarwood decoction (Agarwood leaf) has sedative and anti-asthmatic effects. The volatile oil helps in relaxing muscle and relieving  pain

Kamonwannasit and his team (2013) did the lab test to study the antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus epidermidis from the agarwood leaf and found that it has a positive effect. Below image is transmission electron micrograph of S. epidermidis treated with A. crassna leaves extract. A, B and C are overview of the untreated cells and cells treated with vancomycin and the extract, respectively.

From the image E and F the shape of bacterial cells were both changed showing the similar effect from the extract of agarwood leaf vs vancomycin which is an antibiotic used to treat a number of bacterial infections. 

Image D is the before treated

Second test, "A" is untreated, in both "B" and "C" , the bacterial cells were swollen, again showing the similar efftect of the antibiotic agent and agarwood leaf extract